Brazil: Are Health and Nutrition Programs Reaching the Neediest?
BarrosBrazilFinal.pdf (application/pdf Object)
Brazil: Are Health and Nutrition Programs Reaching the Neediest?
De: Equity, Health & Human Development [mailto:EQUIDAD@LISTSERV.PAHO.ORG] Em nome de Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC)
Enviada em: quinta-feira, 2 de junho de 2005 10:14
Aluísio J.D. Barros, Cesar G. Victora, Juraci A. Cesar, Nelson Arns Neumann and Andréa D. Bertoldi
Health, Nutrition and Population (HNP) Discussion Paper, The World Bank – May 2005
Available online as PDF file [38p.] at:
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/HEALTHNUTRITIONANDPOPULATION/Resources/281627-1095698140167/BarrosBrazilFinal.pdf
“…..Social inequalities are a major problem in Latin America. As pointed out in the Human Development Report 2003 (UNDP 2003), 6 of the 12 highest ranking countries in terms of income concentration are from the region; the other 6 are in Africa. Among the Latin American countries, Brazil, Nicaragua, Honduras, Paraguay, Chile, and Colombia presented, in this order, the highest Gini coefficients, ranging from 60.7 to 57.1.
Health inequalities are also acknowledged as “the leading health problem” in the Americas by Pan American Health Organization (PAHO 1998). Reducing such inequalities, however, is not a simple task. There is an important gap in knowledge about the impact of health interventions on health inequalities. In fact, some interventions may actually increase inequalities instead of reducing them (Victora et al. 2000).
Nutritional supplementation programs are classic examples of this strategy: milk supplementation programs, family ration distribution, school meals in poor neighborhoods. In Brazil, such programs were popular until about 10 years ago. But, beset by difficulties in the management and distribution of food, they have given place to programs that offer money allowances to the poorest families, conditional upon keeping their children in school and bringing them to health facilities regularly…..”
“…In this study we evaluate how four current Brazilian health programs cover the neediest people. The programs were selected for their importance, national coverage, and availability of data. They are: the national immunization program; the national antenatal care program; the Family Health Program (PSF in Portuguese); and the Pastorate of the Child Program. The first two are universal programs intended for the whole population. The third is also a universal
program, but it was designed to start by reaching the poorest people first and then expand gradually. Unlike the first three programs, operated by the government, the Pastorate of the Child Program is run by a nongovernmental organization (NGO) linked to the Catholic Church. The Pastorate of the Child Program is the only strictly targeted initiative, directed at very poor families or at families with malnourished children….”
Brazil: Are Health and Nutrition Programs Reaching the Neediest?
De: Equity, Health & Human Development [mailto:EQUIDAD@LISTSERV.PAHO.ORG] Em nome de Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC)
Enviada em: quinta-feira, 2 de junho de 2005 10:14
Aluísio J.D. Barros, Cesar G. Victora, Juraci A. Cesar, Nelson Arns Neumann and Andréa D. Bertoldi
Health, Nutrition and Population (HNP) Discussion Paper, The World Bank – May 2005
Available online as PDF file [38p.] at:
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/HEALTHNUTRITIONANDPOPULATION/Resources/281627-1095698140167/BarrosBrazilFinal.pdf
“…..Social inequalities are a major problem in Latin America. As pointed out in the Human Development Report 2003 (UNDP 2003), 6 of the 12 highest ranking countries in terms of income concentration are from the region; the other 6 are in Africa. Among the Latin American countries, Brazil, Nicaragua, Honduras, Paraguay, Chile, and Colombia presented, in this order, the highest Gini coefficients, ranging from 60.7 to 57.1.
Health inequalities are also acknowledged as “the leading health problem” in the Americas by Pan American Health Organization (PAHO 1998). Reducing such inequalities, however, is not a simple task. There is an important gap in knowledge about the impact of health interventions on health inequalities. In fact, some interventions may actually increase inequalities instead of reducing them (Victora et al. 2000).
Nutritional supplementation programs are classic examples of this strategy: milk supplementation programs, family ration distribution, school meals in poor neighborhoods. In Brazil, such programs were popular until about 10 years ago. But, beset by difficulties in the management and distribution of food, they have given place to programs that offer money allowances to the poorest families, conditional upon keeping their children in school and bringing them to health facilities regularly…..”
“…In this study we evaluate how four current Brazilian health programs cover the neediest people. The programs were selected for their importance, national coverage, and availability of data. They are: the national immunization program; the national antenatal care program; the Family Health Program (PSF in Portuguese); and the Pastorate of the Child Program. The first two are universal programs intended for the whole population. The third is also a universal
program, but it was designed to start by reaching the poorest people first and then expand gradually. Unlike the first three programs, operated by the government, the Pastorate of the Child Program is run by a nongovernmental organization (NGO) linked to the Catholic Church. The Pastorate of the Child Program is the only strictly targeted initiative, directed at very poor families or at families with malnourished children….”
posted by Aloyzio Achutti at 11:29 AM
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